Self Reliance Essays - Eddic Poetry, Lokasenna,

Confidence There is a period in each man's training when he shows up at the conviction that jealousy is obliviousness; that impersonation is self destruction; that he should take himself for better, in negative ways, as his bit; that however the wide universe is brimming with great, no part of supporting corn can come to him yet through his drudge offered on that plot of ground which is given to him to work. The force which lives in him is new in nature, and none however he recognizes what that is which he can do, nor does he know until he has attempted. Not to no end one face, one character, one reality, establishes a lot of connection with him, and another none. This model in the memory isn't without preestablished agreement. The eye was set where one beam should fall, that it may affirm of that specific beam. We yet half communicate, and are embarrassed about that divine thought which every one of us speaks to. It might be securely trusted as proportionate and of good issues, so it be steadfastly bestowed, yet God won't have his work made show by quitters. A man is alleviated and gay at the point when he has placed his heart into his work and given a valiant effort; however, what he has said or done something else, will give him no harmony. It is a liberation which doesn't convey. In the endeavor his virtuoso abandons him; no dream gets to know; no innovation, no expectation. Confide in thyself: each heart vibrates to that iron string. Acknowledge the spot the perfect provision has found for you, the general public of your counterparts, the association of occasions. Extraordinary men have consistently done as such, and trusted themselves untainted to the virtuoso of their age, double-crossing their observation that the totally reliable was situated at their heart, working through their hands, prevailing in all their being. What's more, we are currently men, and must acknowledge in the most noteworthy brain the equivalent otherworldly predetermination; and not minors and invalids in a secured corner, not defeatists escaping before an upheaval, however aides, deliverers, and sponsors, complying with the Almighty exertion, and progressing on Turmoil and the Dark. What lovely prophets nature yields us on this content, in the face and conduct of youngsters, darlings, and even beasts! That partitioned and rebel mind, that doubt of an assumption since our number juggling has figured the quality and means restricted to our motivation, these have not. Their psyche being entire, their eye is so far unconquered, and when we look in their faces, we are bothered. Earliest stages fits in with no one: all adjust to it, with the goal that one darling regularly makes four or five out of the grown-ups who jabber and play to it. So God has furnished youth and pubescence and masculinity no less with its own intrigue and beguile, and made it advantageous and charitable and its cases not to be put by, in the event that it will stand without anyone else. Try not to think the young has no power, since he can't address you and me. Look! in the following room his voice is adequately unmistakable and insistent. It appears he knows the most effective method to address his peers. Constrained or striking, at that point, he will realize how to make us seniors superfluous. The detachment of young men who make certain of a supper, and would scorn as much as a master to do or say nothing to appease one, is the solid mentality of human instinct. A kid is in the parlor what the pit is in the playhouse; free, reckless, watching out from his corner on such individuals also, realities as cruise by, he attempts and sentences them on their merits, in the quick, synopsis method of young men, as great, terrible, fascinating, senseless, articulate, inconvenient. He cumbers himself never about outcomes, about interests: he gives an autonomous, certified decision. You should court him: he doesn't court you. Be that as it may, the man is, in a manner of speaking, applauded into prison by his awareness. When he has once acted or spoken with eclat, he is a dedicated individual, viewed by the compassion or the contempt of hundreds, whose expressions of love should now go into his record. There is no Lethe for this. Ok, that he could pass again into his nonpartisanship! Who would thus be able to stay away from all vows, and having watched, watch again from the equivalent unaffected, fair, unbribable, unaffrighted guiltlessness, should consistently be considerable. He would articulate sentiments on every single passing undertaking, which supposedly being not private, yet vital, would sink like darts into the ear of men, and put them in dread. These are the voices which we hear in isolation, yet they develop black out and imperceptible as we go into the

Health Care Provider and Faith Diversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Medicinal services Provider and Faith Diversity - Essay Example In their lines of obligation, medicinal services suppliers experience patients from assorted religions consistently. While confidence (religion) is for the most part held consistent while giving wellbeing administrations, it might go about as a hindrance to the arrangement of the equivalent in certain occasions. In that capacity, it is significant that a medicinal services supplier in certain requesting or every single working setting to have some fundamental information about certain religions. It is, anyway difficult to get the hang of something pretty much all the beliefs on earth and in that capacity, here and there the medicinal services supplier may look for some assistance from the patients or other related people. To expound on how confidence and human services can relate, the accompanying examination content investigates three beliefs; Judaism, Buddhism, and Sikh. The paper will contrast the three beliefs with Christianity, and in it clarify how understanding a patientâ€⠄¢s confidence can be favorable in scattering social insurance administrations. Judaism is the religion of the Jewish individuals. They esteem human life and are against any type of removing it, for example, self destruction, murder, or killing. Judaism takes into consideration clinical intercession when one is debilitated, and underpins that each network ought to have a doctor. Also, the Judaists don't take into account medical procedures or any treatment during the Sabbath, not except if it is essential as in sparing an actual existence. The wiped out are visited by family members, however once more, this ought not meddle with the recuperation of the patient. The issue of leading examinations is questionable in Judaism, and is just permitted under extraordinary cases. This is on the grounds that they esteem the human body even in death. Fetus removal is likewise disputable in light of the fact that it isn't permitted not except if it is for severe health related crises. Premature birth and examination may must be permitted by an instructor or Rabbi before they are led. At long last, they circumcise male youngsters, eight days after they are conceived. It is finished by a prepared authority with both clinical and strict support (Spitzer, 2003). Sikhs as a rule go to their God,

Low-Cost Family Activities to Finish Out Summer (and Beyond)

Low-Cost Family Activities to Finish Out Summer (and Beyond) Low-Cost Family Activities to Finish Out Summer (and Beyond) Low-Cost Family Activities to Finish Out Summer (and Beyond)Take advantage of these free and low-cost activities to keep the kids entertained.The beginning of September can be a tricky time. Depending on where you live, school may or may not be back in session for the year. Those last few days of summer in which the kids are home and restless with little to do (or maybe back in school but still itching to get outdoors and run free during the last few weeks of warm weather) can be a hassle for many families.Commonly-advertised family activities for these downtimes are expensive. The costs affiliated with theme parks, seasonal festivals, and hitting the mall can be a stretch for people who are paying off debt or trying to recoop from summer expenses like camp, trips, or other seasonal outings.With that in mind, here’s our complete list of family-friendly, low-cost fun that will get your kids excited about the last days of summer and refraining from drawing on the living room wall to cure their boredom. You may even pick up some budget-friendly ideas for the rest of the year too.Library programsLibraries are not just quiet, boring places to check out books. They have lots of free programs for children to support literacy, education, and fun. Libraries aim to connect with the needs of their communities, and as a result, they often address the summer slump with special activities. They plan summer reading programs for children, but they also have other options.Library activities vary from story time to free crafting classes, computer classes, and more. Libraries love providing productivity and fun and learning to community youth. They often get creative about the resources they offer families, so it’s worth checking in with your local library to see what they have available. Some libraries carry passes for free entry to local museums, aquariums, or zoos, and often offer free ebooks and audiobooks. They also may offer access to educational computer games, DVDs, v ideo games, and books at no cost to entertain your children when you’re not available to take them anywhere. They also have free computer access, which can come in handy if you don’t have a computer at home for your children to use.Dollar theatersMovies are so expensive these days. It can cost more than $50 to take a few kids to see the latest age-appropriate cinematic feature. Luckily, there is another option â€" the Dollar Theater. A relic of America’s past, dollar or discounted theatres are still around, offering cheap ways to catch a movie on the big screen (even if the film is a little past its prime). Give your children the big movie experience and kill a few hours by finding your local discount theatre and taking them on a date with a movie.Public pools (indoor and outdoor)Public pools offer summer fun and a way to stave off the lasting horrendous heat â€" for cheap. Public pools like to make their swim hours accessible, and usually offer family passes for up to five pe ople for affordable prices like $15 a month for endless swimming.Children love pools â€" they’re fun and they help them get energy out. If your children are like most others, investing in a public pool pass will help them pass hours of time during a difficult time of year. Some park districts may also have indoor swimming pools that provide year-round access for cheap or free.State and national parksMost areas have some kind of state or national park nearby. Better yet, these parks are usually extremely cheap to enter â€" usually it costs just a few dollars for a car full of people. Parks also have acres and acres of family-friendly activities. Have an outdoor meal at the picnic tables, swim in the approved swimming areas, or take hikes around the area.If you want to take the experience to the next level, you can take a plant identification guide and help your children learn about nature. You can also look into any programs for children offered by these parks. Many parks have juni or ranger programs, or discounted (or free!) annual passes for children.Dollar storesIf you’d rather stay closer to home rather than taking a family field trip, consider looking for cheap ways to pick up new activity toys. The dollar store has tons of toys like bubbles, water balloons, and more to get your kids outside and expending energy.VolunteerAnother way to get your children out of the house for free as well as bond with them is to find a place for you to volunteer together as a family. It’s also a great way to foster generosity and empathy in your children.Some places that commonly allow families to volunteer together include:Local animal sheltersSoup kitchensFood pantriesFamily services ministriesNursing homesBeach/park/road cleanups, litter removalSearching in your area and calling up institutions dedicated to causes that matter to your family may help you come up with more ideas for what you can do together.CraftsKid-friendly craft activities are a cost-effective way t o kill time without having to venture out. The internet is full of resources on how to cheaply create kid-friendly crafts at home. This is an activity that can help foster creativity and capability, and it can also be fun any time of year.Looking ahead  Hopefully this list has inspired you with lots of ideas about how to entertain your kids during the last several weeks of summer while on a small budget. Good luck dealing with your rambunctious, young loved ones until school starts! And maybe there are some activity ideas in here you may want to consider for school-free days year-round.If you are looking for other summer and activity-related savings tips, check out these related articles below:How to Have Fun This Summer on a BudgetSpend Less for a Great Vacation at HomeMake Sense of Your Back-to-School CentsHow to Socialize While Paying Off Debt

Development Of Egyptian And Polynesian Civilizations

Development of Egyptian and Polynesian civilizations. The development of as society is heavily influenced by it’s geography. Humans have always ben incredible innovators and highly adaptive. Our signature trait of adaptability is what makes it possible for different civilizations in different regions of the world to survive and develop over thousands of years. Egyptian civilization was influenced by the Nile river. The river was such a significant aspect of life that it became intertwined with religion. The areas in the Pacific were very different from the areas of Egypt. They had smaller areas to work with and no major river system to nurture them. Both civilizations used their resources to expand and thrive, some having more success than others. Egypt is the most iconic of the river valley civilizations and it is also one of the most significant civilizations of all. The trade mark of Egypt is the Nile River. It was the most Important part of the geography. The predictable and cyclical flooding of the Nile was what helped agriculture thrive in Egypt. Agriculture emerged in Egypt by 5,000 BCE. The flooding of the river acted as a perfect irrigation system for plants and silt that cam from the river was nutrient rich and helped grow plants at a great scale. Egyptian agriculture was so successful that there was a great surplus of food. Since the food was plentiful, the population expanded. Soon, advanced cities developed for large area trade. As social standingShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legal Drinking Age?1175 Words   |  5 Pagesonly alcohol and tobacco, and has been used by nearly 100 million Americans. Taboo recreation has been around for years and still continues to be practiced as a pastime all over the globe. As explained in the text, the term taboo comes from the Polynesian word â€Å"tapu†, which refers to a prohibition of a supernatural force. In our case we use the term to represent behaviors restricted by social custom or belief. Examples of taboo recreation include leisure activities such as drinking, recreationalRead MoreImpact of Science on Society38427 Words   |  154 Pagescomponent in that model is greater than was once thought. Some work going on here and in the UK shows that on the back of the human embryo, very early on in its development, is the neural plate, which contains the nerves that will eventually expand to form the spinal cord and the brain-the nervous system, in fact. Apparently, embryonic development involves millions of those little baby neurons growing and traveling (thanks to some kind of genetic zip coding) to an exact position in three-dimensional spaceRead MoreImpact of Science on Society38421 Words   |  154 Pagescomponent in that model is grea ter than was once thought. Some work going on here and in the UK shows that on the back of the human embryo, very early on in its development, is the neural plate, which contains the nerves that will eventually expand to form the spinal cord and the brain-the nervous system, in fact. Apparently, embryonic development involves millions of those little baby neurons growing and traveling (thanks to some kind of genetic zip coding) to an exact position in three-dimensional spaceRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesprevailing dynamics of the cold war. In addition to the problems posed for conceptualizing the twentieth century as a discrete era of world history due to overlap with the preceding period and disconcertingly radical shifts in the course of global development in the 1900s, contradictory forces and trends, which perhaps more than any other attribute distinguish this turbulent phase of the human experience, render it impervious to generalized pronouncements and difficult to conceptualize broadly. As

The Byronic Hero Essay - 692 Words

A hero proves his heroism when faced with opposition. He is shrewd, tough, clear-sighted, experienced, and able to handle adversity in a well equipped manner. However, unlike most heroes, the Byronic hero does not receive satisfaction simply from possessing these traits. The Byronic hero sees himself as an individual who practices non conformity. He is a hero of consciousness more than a hero of action. These qualities of the Byronic hero are demonstrated in Lord Byron’s description of Napoleon. Byron begins his description in Stanza 36. He points out that Napoleon is â€Å"Extreme in all things!† I believe that this trait means that the Byronic hero is neither to the left nor the right, but eternally caught in the middle of both†¦show more content†¦It creates the line that comes between other heroes and the Byronic hero. Stanza 39 is saying that even though those who once praised him now mock him, Napoleon is not going to go quietly in to the night, so to speak. Line 350 says â€Å"He stood unbowed beneath the ills upon him piled.† This line points out the integrity factor that the Byronic hero possess. All though those who were once with him are now against him, he is not going to let them control his fate, instead he stands with his head tall, integrity in place. This also hints at non conformity. Most heroes would probably have laid with down and died along with their pride, but once again, Napoleon stood tall, refusing to go along with the norm. Another Byronic hero trait is the belief that the very thing that makes up great is the very thing that will eventually destroy us. This aspect is demonstrated in Stanza 40, which states, â€Å" Sager than in thy fortunes; for in them ambition steel’d thee on too far to show That just habitual scorn which could contemn Men and their thoughts; ‘twas wise to feel, not so To wear it ever on thy lip and brow, and spurn the instruments thou wert to use Till they were turn’d unto thine overthrow: ‘Tis but a worthless world to win or lose; So hath it proved to thee, and all such lot who choose.† Another trait that the Byronic hero possesses is the problem of being destroyed by the very thing that makes the hero great. I believe thatShow MoreRelatedThe Hero Of Manfred : A Byronic Hero1007 Words   |  5 PagesA Byronic hero is created out of many different kinds of traits. Some common characteristics are usually a noble outlaw, a mysterious personality, and a sense of rebellion. The characteristic of a Byronic hero was first introduced by Lord Byron, a 19th century English poet. Lord Byron perfected this type of character and that is why it was named after him (Four Turner). In the dramatic poem Manfred the main character Manfred, is considered a Byronic hero. Manfred is a man who lives in the Alps andRead MoreByronic Hero In Frankenstein1563 Words   |  7 Pages Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is a critique of the Byronic hero, as exemplified in Lord Byron’s â€Å"Manfred.† The Byronic hero is a protagonist who has the following traits: self-inflicted agony, a high self esteem, isolation from society, an exaggerated sense of independence, and genuine guilt. All of these traits Manfred bears, but Victor lacks two of these attributes. The lead protagonists, Victor and Manfred, have two key differences: genuine remorse and independence. Victor’s guilt is false whenRead MoreJoseph The Dreamer : A Byronic Hero993 Words   |  4 PagesJoseph The Dreamer Chandler lays out the characteristics of a Byronic Hero in his essay â€Å"The Simple Art of Murder†, defining a Byronic Hero as the type of person who is either: intelligent, cunning, ruthless, arrogant, depressive, violent, self-aware, emotionally or intellectually tortured, traumatized, highly emotional, manipulative, self-serving, spiritually doubtful, reckless or suicidal, prone to bursts of anger, prone to substance abuse, dedicated to pursuing matters of justice over mattersRead MoreByronic Hero In Dostoevskys Crime And Punishment1347 Words   |  6 PagesWithin literature, a Byronic hero is characterized by his/her cunning, arrogant, violent, and often intellectually unstable behavior. First developed in the 19th century by English Romantic poet, Lord Byron, a Byronic hero deviates from the traditional Romantic hero archetype (Byronic). Although both archetypes â€Å"rebel against traditional modes of behavior†, Byronic heroes have greater psychological burden s. This results in morbid sensibilities. Dostoevsky s Crime and Punishment explores a varietyRead MoreA Byronic Hero Of Our Time By Mikhail Lermontov1201 Words   |  5 PagesPechorin --- A Byronic Hero A Hero of Our Time, written by Mikhail Lermontov, consists of 5 stories that reflect the life, the idea and the personality of the main character named Pechorin. Pechorin is not a typical hero in romantic literature perspective; instead, he is a great representation of a pathetic Byronic hero that more commonly appears in the time of Lermontov. Different from a traditional hero and as a typical Byronic hero, Pechorin is reflected to be self-centered and manipulative inRead MoreEssay on Bryons Childe Harolds Pilgrimage: the Byronic Hero1003 Words   |  5 PagesBryons Childe Harolds Pilgrimage: The Byronic Hero Boozer English 11/4/95 In Byrons poem, Childe Harolds Pilgrimage the main character is portrayed as a dark brooding man, who doesnt like society and wants to escape from the world because of his discontent with it. Through the poem we see the strong resemblance the Byronic hero has to many of todays popular characters, such as Batman. In the third stanza of the poem we learn that Childe Harold is the productRead More Bryons childe Harolds Pilgrimage: The Byronic Hero Essay991 Words   |  4 Pages Bryons quot;Childe Harolds Pilgrimagequot;: The Byronic Hero In Byrons poem, quot;Childe Harolds Pilgrimagequot; the main character is portrayed as a dark brooding man, who doesnt like society and wants to escape from the world because of his discontent with it. Through the poem we see the strong resemblance the Byronic hero has to many of todays popular characters, such as Batman. In the third stanza of the poem we learn that Childe Harold is the product of a long line of nobilityRead More Journal Analyzing the Byronic Hero and Lord Byron’s Writing Styles3002 Words   |  13 PagesA Journal Analyzing the Byronic Hero, Those who Closely Resemble the Hero, Byron’s Writing Styles and Literary Criticism (Journal entry 1, Defining the Byronic Hero) The Byronic Hero is a term derived from the poetic narrative, Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, by Lord Byron. Though the idea of the Byronic Hero originated with the creation of Byron’s characters, Byron himself possessed the physical features associated with the Byronic Hero. These features include dark brooding eyesRead MoreHeathcliff As A Byronic Hero1104 Words   |  5 Pages A â€Å"Byronic hero† is a character who inherits the traits of being rebellious, anti-social, and presumptuous. The term originates from an English poet, Lord Byron. In the novel, Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte, Heathcliff is the protagonist who displays the several qualities of a Byronic hero. Heathcliff suffering such a harsh childhood is one of the reasons he is so rebellious and vengeful towards some of the characters. His past of being abandoned leads him to have no empathy or emotion, whichRead MoreBatman And Byronic Hero709 Words   |  3 Pages The Byronic hero is immortalized as the bridge between epic hero and an anti-hero, in-between with the romantic and tragic hero as well. The main key elements that are present in many Byronic heroes is their sense of darkness and social exile, the struggle for acceptance not only from themselves but also from society, and finally internal traumas that were caused from past events. One of the modern characters that immortalizes the Byronic hero is DC Comics, Batman. From the original comic books

Devil in the white City Summary Free Essays

The World’s Fair was an amazing event for our country. It represented how capable we were and how amazing our technology could become. It negated many of the stereotypes surrounding Chicago that it was only a city of animal butchery. We will write a custom essay sample on Devil in the white City Summary or any similar topic only for you Order Now It set a standard for how cities should be run and it picked up the economy with all of the work and tourism It created. But, hidden within all of this good was evil. Although pick pockets and thieves were very common, largely represented In the book Is murder. Holmes takes advantage of this situation and lures In young women who are traveling alone. Without the magnificent fair, he would have had a much more difficult time doing what he did. The good that people were creating within the fair created this room for evil. Honestly, It seems this Is a real world theme as well. Wherever good Is done, corruption Is always a possibility and often this opportunity Is taken. The sad theme that permeates this book Is that where there Is good, there will be evil. And although unfortunate, It is reality-To me, the text had one BIG theme: evil as the result of good. The World’s Fair was an amazing event for our country. It represented how capable we were and how amazing our technology could become. It negated many of the stereotypes surrounding Chicago that it was only a city of animal butchery. It set a standard for how cities should be run and it picked up the economy with all of the work and tourism it created. But, hidden within all of this good was evil. Although pick pockets and thieves were very common, largely represented in the book is ruder. Holmes takes advantage of this situation and lures in young women who are traveling alone. Without the magnificent fair, he would have had a much more difficult time doing what he did. The good that people were creating within the fair created this room for evil. Honestly, it seems this is a real world theme as well. Wherever good is done, corruption is always a possibility and often this opportunity is taken. The sad theme that permeates this book is that where there is good, there will be evil. And although unfortunate, it is reality. How to cite Devil in the white City Summary, Papers

Job Vs. J.B. Essay Example For Students

Job Vs. J.B. Essay J.B. and JobThere are many similarities but also many differences between the story of Job in The Bible and Archibald MacLeish’s J.B. These similarities and differences falls along the categories of style, story line, and characterization. First, the style of both pieces of literature. J.B. is a play by Archibald MacLeish whereas the story of Job is a drama. In both of these pieces a prologue is present. However, the prologue differs greatly. In Job, the prologue merely states a vague background of the life of Job and his family. On the other hand, the prologue of J.B. gives detailed descriptions of J.B. and each and every one of his family members. In both cases, an antagonist is present. The antagonist is not necessarily evil or bad, but simply just one who disagrees. Second, the story line. Although Archibald MacLeish wrote the play based on the story of Job in The Bible, there are many differences in the story line. In The Bible, Job’s misfortune was spawned by Satan trying to show God that Job was not as holy as God had thought. God gave Satan the power to destroy everything Job had, including his health. Job’s children all died together when the roof of the house collapsed on them while they were all dining at the house of the oldest brother. His wife died also, and all of his possessions was taken from him. Furthermore, he contracted painful sores all over his body. As for J.B., his children died separately, one after the other. The oldest had died in the army. Two were involved in a car accident. One daughter was killed by an explosion that also took out J.B.’s millions. And the youngest was raped. However, J.B.’s wife, Sarah, was not killed, but instead she left him. In The Bible, Job is confronted by his three f riends. His friends encourages him to turn against God and to curse him, but he refused to do so. On the other hand, J.B. was confronted with four friends, the first three encouraging him to turn against God but the fourth telling him to pray to God and to praise Him. In the end, God gives back Job his original wife Sarah and his ten kids. He is rid of the painful sores and his possessions were doubled. On the other hand, J.B.’s wife came back and they produce new children; he also received his wealth back. The biggest difference between the two story lines is that in J.B. the presence of God is not really emphasized. Third, the characterization. J.B. was based on a 20th century New England millionaire, while Job was a wealthy man who lived in the land of Uz in 1000 B.C. J.B. had a wife named Sarah, two sons, three daughters, and was wealthy financially. Job also had a wife names Sarah, but he had seven sons, three daughters, and was wealthy in land and cattle. Job’s children were vaguely described, for they only existed for a short part of the story. On the other hand, J.B.’s children were individually introduced, and participated in a scene together with J.B. and his wife. Also, another characterization difference that was mentioned earlier was that Job only had three friends who come to speak to him, meanwhile, J.B. had four. It’s amazing to see how an author can make a 3000-year-old drama come to life with only a few changes. Archibald MacLeish has created a wonderful play and it will continue to remind its readers the insignificance of materialistic things. English Essays

Priciples of Software Engineering free essay sample

Describe each law in your own words. Illustrate with a practical example ? Glass’ law â€Å"Requirement deficiencies are the prime source of project failures Coming to my explanation Glass law states that if the basic requirements of the projects is not constructed properly that may leads failure of the project. To achieve goals in the project it plays an vital role and any drawbacks may leads project unsuccessful. Around 20% of all IT project failures were caused by incomplete or badly managed requirements. Example: Technological University-Online Practical Tests In the case of technological university the requirements specifications for the online practical exams had been implemented without consulting students and university staff. This system was designed in such a way that students affliated to that university are write the test test online at the same day and same time. Considering the requirements of the colleges were different an the project objectives were different. This leads to failure of the that project. We will write a custom essay sample on Priciples of Software Engineering or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Boehm’s first law â€Å"Errors are most frequent during the requirements and design activities and are the more expensive the later they are removed†. Coming to my explanation Boehm’s law states that the basic designing of the projects mat leads to errors and miscalculations. The sooner you find a problem, the cheaper it is to fix , otherwise to detect the errors in the project is very expensive or complicated . This law is applicable from midrange systems. Example: City Council – Pay Roll System A city council developed a replacement payroll system believed that users had comprehensive knowledge of all the business requirements. But the current staff or IT team had participated in building the old system they had no knowledge of how it was built. That leads to many errors and it cause project failure. Boehm’s second law â€Å"Prototyping (significantly) reduces requirement and design errors, especially for user interfaces†. Coming to my explanation Boehm’s second law states that by prototype modelling the disigning of the project and errors can be reduced. To design the system the staff will be educated . So that that will increase the usability of the system among users. Example: In a postgraduation course prototype modelling experiments were conducted . Some of them were used requirement driven approach and others are prototyping approach. This will leads to satisfaction for the client compare to all other methods. Davis’ law â€Å"The value of a model depends on the view taken, but none is best for all purposes†. Coming to my explanation Davi’s law states that to describe systems requirements, it is very useful. This model is useful to solve the complicated tasks that other models find that difficult to solve. Example:In a system to solve the problems different methods were implemented. Each task follows their methodolgies to solve the problems. At the end all the methods got different results but there methodologies is useful to solve the problem. Your first task is to describe each software development methodology clearly and completely in your own words. You may use diagrams, examples or UML to help you do this. Waterfall Model : The waterfall model is a sequential software development process, in which progress is seen as flowing steadily downwards through the phases of conception, design, analysis, initiation ,testing and maintenance. This model is used in manufacturing industries and construction industries . It is ; highly structured physical environments in which after-the-fact changes are prohibitively costly, if not impossible. Since no formal software development methodologies existed at the time, this hardware-oriented model was simply adapted for software development. For example, one first completes requirements specification, which after sign-off are considered set in stone. When the requirements are fully completed, one proceeds to design. Spiral Model: The spiral model is a software development process combining elements of both design and prototyping-in-stages, in an effort to combine advantages of top-down and bottom-up concepts. Each phase starts with a design goal and ends with the client reviewing the progress . Analysis and engineering efforts are applied at each phase of the project, with an eye toward the end goal of the project. The spiral model might mean that you have a rough-cut of user elements as an operable application, add features in phases, and, at some point, add the final graphics. The Spiral model is used most often in large projects and needs constant review to stay on target. It can get their hands in and start working on a project earlier. Q3) Using the first four laws of the text, show where these are either implemented or missing in each software development methodology (Total Two). If a law is missing, explain the consequences and suggest how the process might be improved. Water Fall Model Glass’ law Requirement deficiencies are the prime source of project failures. The end users gathered by requirements in waterfall model. It states that the basic requirements of the projects is not constructed properly that may leads failure of the project. The failures were caused by incomplete or badly managed requirements. Boehm’s first law â€Å"Errors are most frequent during the requirements and design activities and are the more expensive the later they are removed†. It basic designing of the projects mat leads to errors and miscalculations. In waterfall model this law cannot be able to correct the errors. This law is not reliable for waterfall model. Boehm’s second law Prototyping (significantly) reduces requirement and design errors, especially for user interfaces†. This law cannot be able to correct the errors in waterfall model. The design phase would be reduced by prototype modelling. Davis’ law â€Å"The value of a model depends on the view taken, but none is best for all purposes†. The purpose of this model is not suitable for this law. Spiral Model Glass’ law â€Å"Requirement deficiencies are the prime source of project failures In waterfall model risk analysis is conducted on the prototype. By this if they need any requirement it will included in next stage. Boehm’s first law â€Å"Errors are most frequent during the requirements and design activities and are the more expensive the later they are removed†. In spiral model each phase starts with a design goal and ends with the client reviewing the progress . The risks were eliminated after number of stages. Boehm’s second law â€Å"Prototyping (significantly) reduces requirement and design errors, especially for user interfaces†. In spiral model it will design the prototype. and construct and design the prototype. The analysis and engineering efforts are applied at each phase of the project.

Eighteenth President Ulysses S Grant Fast Facts

Eighteenth President Ulysses S Grant Fast Facts Ulysses S Grant attended West Point but was not impressive as a student. After graduating, he fought in the Mexican-American War as a Lieutenant. However, after the war he retired to become a farmer. As in a lot of his personal life, he did not have much luck. He didnt rejoin the military until the start of the Civil War. He started as a colonel but quickly rose through the ranks until President Abraham Lincoln named him as the Commander of all Union forces. He would then move on to become Americas eighteenth president.   Here is a quick list of fast facts for Ulysses S Grant. For more in depth information, you can also read the Ulysses S Grant Biography. Birth: April 27, 1822 Death: July 23, 1885 Term of Office: March 4, 1869-March 3, 1877 Number of Terms Elected: 2 Terms First Lady: Julia Boggs Dent Nickname: Unconditional Surrender Ulysses S Grant Quote: My failures have been errors of judgment, not of intent. Major Events While in Office: ReconstructionTranscontinental Railroad Completed (1869)Black Friday Scandal involving James Fisk and Jay Gould (1869)Fifteenth Amendment Ratified (1870)Credit Mobilier Scandal (1872)Panic of 1873Whiskey Ring Scandal (1875)Belknap Bribery Scandal (1876)Battle of Little Bighorn (1876) States Entering Union While in Office: Colorado (1876) Related Ulysses S Grant Resources: These additional resources on Ulysses S Grant can provide you with further information about the president and his times. Ulysses S Grant BiographyTake a more in depth look at the eighteenth president of the United States through this biography. Youll learn about his childhood, family, early career, and the major events of his administration. Civil WarUlysses S Grant was the commander of Union forces during the Civil War. Learn more about the war, its battles, and more with this overview. Top 10 Presidential ScandalsUlysses S Grant was president during three of these top ten presidential scandals that occurred throughout the years. In fact, his presidency was marred by one scandal after another. Reconstruction EraAs the Civil War ended, the government was left with the job of mending the horrendous rift that had torn the nation apart. The programs of reconstruction were efforts to help achieve this goal. Chinese-Americans and the Transcontinental RailroadChinese immigrants had a huge impact on the history of the west in America. They were instrumental in the completion of the railroads, despite intense discrimination from fellow workers and bosses. Chart of Presidents and Vice PresidentsThis informative chart gives quick reference information on the presidents, vice-presidents, their terms of office and their political parties. Other Presidential Fast Facts: Andrew JohnsonRutherford B. HayesList of American Presidents

Fetal alcohol syndrome Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fetal alcohol syndrome - Article Example Although FAS is seen as a leading cause of mental retardation, only approximately 20% are mentally retarded, which may explain evidences of behavior problems. In addition, these children are placed in regular schools, where most of the time teachers do not have concrete ideas on how to enhance learning specifically for these students. Participants The three-year study was participated by three students diagnosed with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD), who were also previously part of a larger research study concerning the condition, and they were K-12 school-aged when the present study was conducted. The 13 teachers who willingly participated involved 7 men and 6 women. The educators differed in specialized content areas, including math, physical education, English and language arts, and keyboarding, with varied professional experiences, ranging from 1 to 24 years. They were selected from three sites, Windy Way, Fishport, and Island City. Methods Qualitative methods were used i n the study and data collection methods included (a) individual or group interviews with teachers on-site, (b) participants’ classroom observations, and, (c) retrieval of the students’ relevant educational and medical records. A total of 26 interviews were conducted during the course of the study, in which these were all taped and transcribed.

Ammendments to the bill of rights of the US Constitution Essay

Ammendments to the bill of rights of the US Constitution - Essay Example Bill of Rights is the synonym of freedom to American citizens. The rights and freedoms that are covered under the Bill of Rights involve, Freedom of Speech, Freedom of the Press, Freedom of Assembly, Freedom to keep and Bear Arms, Freedom of Religion and Protection for that Accused of Crimes. Other crucial rights covered by Bill of Rights include Freedom to petition as well as the rights to save themselves from unreasonable search, seizure and cruel and unusual punishment. Citizens of United States are also entitled to the rights against compelled self-incrimination. The Bill of Rights limits the powers of the federal government in United States. These restrictions on the rights of the government boost up the rights of the citizens, visitors, and other temporary residents in the nation. Bill of Rights guarantees several crucial enumerated rights to the citizens. These amendments also control the government from making any new laws that respect the establishment of religion. These ame ndments also ensure that the government does not seize anybody’s life, property or freedom unless it happens by the processes of the law. Bill of Rights ensure that the Congress do not make any citizen deprive of his life and liberty. In the matter of criminal cases only the indictment by grand jury can deal a capital (infamous) crime. These special freedom rights ensure a speedy public trial on these cases using a local or impartial jury. These rights also ensure there never occurs a double jeopardy. The Fifth Amendment upholds the rights of people in this case. Majority of the Bill of Rights were applied to the nation by a sequence of decisions that include the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. These were included after the American Civil War. The Bill of Rights is a fundamental symbol of the freedom, liberty, independence and choice of the nation. Bill of Rights was first prepared in 1789 by James Madison and was drafted during a period when there happened nu merous ideological misunderstandings between Federalists and anti-Federalists. These ideological conflicts had started since the 1787 Philadelphia Convention. These conflicts and the associated problems questioned the Constitution's ratification. The Bill of Rights is closely associated with the 1689 English Bill of Rights, George Mason's 1776 Virginia Declaration of Rights, English political documents like Magna Carta (1215) and the other important documents that were associated with the natural rights. The Bill of Rights answered all questions related to the freedom of citizens and was a big challenge to the celebrated founding fathers who completely forgot to include the basic principles of human liberty in the constitution. The Bill of Rights is too important for American citizens, American law and the government. You can find a copy of the Bill of Rights available for public display in the National Archives in Washington, D.C.. There are fourteen original copies of the Bill of Rights. December 15 is considered as the ‘Bill of Rights Day’ as per the declaration of the Former President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The Bill of Rights ensures any abuse of power from the part of the government. Citizens enjoy various types of freedom through the Bill of Right

Micronutrients Plays Significant Role In Plant Growth Biology Essay

Micronutrients Plays Significant Role In Plant Growth Biology Essay Chilli Capsicum annuum L. an important vegetable crop, widely cultivated in Pakistan. Chillies are native to South and Central America. In Pakistan, Kunri is the home of red chillies. It contributes about 85% of red chillies produced in Pakistan and is known as one of the largest production centers for red chillies in Asia (SBI, 2010). It is a perennial small shrub belongs to the family Solanaceae. It is an important agricultural crop, not only because of its economic importance, but also due to nutritional and medicinal value of its fruits. Chillies are an excellent source of vitamins A and C and it also contains Ca, P and Fe (Horticulture, 1994). Chilli is generally adapted to tropical climate and major chilli growing countries are India, China, Indonesia, Korea, Pakistan, Turkey and Sri Lanka. Chillies are used in salads, chutneys, sauces, pickles and form a key ingredient of diet in every home. It is also used in the preparation of natural colouring agents, cosmetics and pain bal ms (Savitha, 2008). It is realized that crop yield is badly affected by the deficiencies of micronutrients (Bose Tripathi, 1996). Plant nutrition has a great importance in enhancing quality and yield in chillies. If a plant is Zn deficient it can be controlled by direct application of Zn on plant leaves because Zn Salts are easily absorbed by the leaves. Zinc has a great effect on plant life processes, like uptake of nitrogen and protein quality, photosynthesis, chlorophyll synthesis (Potarzycki Grzebisz, 2009). Deficiency symptoms firstly appear on younger leaves than the older leaves. A typical symptom of Zn deficiency is the stunted growth of leaves. Zn is enzymes activator and is essential for the consumption of sugars and carbohydrates transformation (Kirkby Romheld, 2004). Plant requirement of micronutrients like Zn can be fulfilled through soil application but in Pakistan soil pH is too high that limits the micronutrients uptake to plant, so foliar application of micronutrients is preferred over soil application. Foliar application of micronutrients may give 6 to 20 times better results in Pakistan than soil application (Liew, 1988). Foliar application of fertilizers is being used in vegetable and fruit crops. Foliar fertilizers are well-known for immediate delivery of nutrients to the plant tissues and organs (Baloch, Chachar Tareen, 2008). As Foliar nutrition of micronutrients is a simple method and it does not require much infrastructure so it helps in increasing productivity, better fertilizer use efficiency and lessens environmental hazards. The research work will be done with the following objectives. To check the effect of foliar application of Zn on vegetative and reproductive growth of chillies. To standardize the best dose of Zn for foliar application to increase productivity of chillies. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Botanically, Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) belongs to the family Solanaceae. Chilli is an important crop not from economic point of view but also due to its nutritional as well as medicinal value. Growth and development is affected by the deficiency or lack of micronutrients. Due to immense importance of micronutrients in relation to plant growth and development a lot of researchers have worked on foliar application of micronutrients on fruit and vegetables. A brief analysis of reported work is given below. The chilli is supposed to be native to America where they have been cultivated for thousands of years. Mexico and Northern Central America is thought to be the centre of origin of Capsicum annuum L. and were first introduced to Indo-Pakistan sub-continent in the 17th century by Portuguese and Spanish explorers through trade routes from South America (Malik, 1994). Baloch, et al., (2008) conducted an experiment to check the effect of foliar application of macro and micronutrients on production of green chillies. They applied Higrow which is composed of Nitrophen (4 %), Nitrogen compound (12%), Iron (2%), Magnesium (2%), Manganese (2%), Boron (2%), Copper (4%), Molybdenum (2%), Potash (8%), P2O5 (12%) and Calcium (8%). They found that the foliar application of Higrow at 7 ml/L of water gave better growth and yield compared to other treatments. Datir, Apparao and Laware (2012) studied the effect of foliar application of organically chelated micronutrients on growth and yield in chilli (Capsicum annum L.). The results indicated that un-chelated micronutrient enhanced the growth and yield and plant characters to 10-15 %, while amino acid spray contributed to 15-20% increase. Whereas amino acid-chelated micronutrients increase the growth and yield contributing characters to 40-100% in chilli. Dongre, Mahorkar, Joshi and Deo (2000) studied the effect of foliar application of micronutrients (Zn, Fe and B) on yield and quantity of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) in combination of 0.1%, 0.25% and 0.50% respectively. They found that the treatment (ZnS04 0.50%) showed maximum yield while treatment (FeS04 0.25%) produced maximum number of seeds/fruit. Singh and Singh (2012) investigated the response of foliar application of micronutrients on growth and yield of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.). The results indicated that plant characters like number of fruit per plant, plant height, fruit length, fruit yield, weight per fruit and weight of fruit per plant were higher by the foliar application of treatments 0.2 % iron and 0.3 % zinc as compared to other treatments and control. El-Bassiony, Fawzy, El-Samad and Riad (2010) investigated the effect of potassium fertilizes on growth, yield and fruit quality of sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.). They found that to get the better vegetative and reproductive growth, total fruit yield and chemical composition of sweet pepper could be obtained by foliar application of potassium humate (4 gm/L) or potassium oxide (4 ml/L) as a stimulative dose. Kaya and Higgs (2002) studied the response of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) cultivars to foliar application of Zn when grown in sand culture at low zinc. They found that the plants grown in low (0.15 ÃŽÂ ¼mol là ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢1) root zone zinc treatment had higher concentration of P and Fe furthermore plants receiving foliar applications of zinc at 3.5 mmol là ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢1 had higher P in both the leaves and fruit. Zn, Fe, P and K concentration increased with increase of zinc concentration in the nutrient solution and also as a foliar spray. At 7.70 ÃŽÂ ¼mol là ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢1 zinc in the nutrient solution Mg was lower in the roots of plants as compared to all other zinc treatments. They concluded that the negative effect of zinc deficiency can easily be controlled by the foliar application of Zn when it is applied at optimal range. Nasri, Khalatbari and Hossein (2011) conducted an experiment of foliar application of Zn on qualitative and quantitative features in bean (Phaseolous vulgaris) under different levels of N and K fertilizers. They found that the foliar application of Zn on bean had increased all the characteristics like carbohydrate percentage, carbohydrate yield, chlorophyll of leaves, radiation use efficiency, protein percentage and protein yield etc. and also reduced N fertilizer rate without reduction in plant characteristics. Abbasi, Baloch, Zia-ul-hassan, Wagan, Shah and Rajpar (2010) studied the growth and yield of okra under foliar application of some new multi nutrient fertilizer products. The results showed that the plant characters like number of branches per plant, plant height, number of fruits per plant, fruit length as well as crop yield of okra found to be maximum by application of all three foliar fertilizers with the recommended soil applied chemical fertilizers. Kiran, Vyakaranahal, Raikar, Ravikumar and Deshpande (2010) investigated seed yield and quality of brinjal as influenced by crop nutrition. The results indicated that the application of NPK 100:100:50 kg/ha + Azospirillum + Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) each @ 125 g per ha (root dipping) + ZnSO4 (0.2%) spray gave maximum plant height (89.47 cm), number of leaves (87), number of fruits (20), fruit yield (27.06 t/ha), number of seeds per fruit (1852), number of branches (32), 1000 seed weight (7.90 g), percentage of germination (97), field emergence (91), seed yield (633 kg/ha) compared to other treatments and control. Kanujia, Ahmed, Chattoo, Nayeema, Naryan (2006) studied the effect of micronutrients on growth and yield of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.). The results indicated that plant height was maximum during both the seasons when foliar application of Zn was applied @ 100 ppm while maximum foliar application of mixture of all nutrients @ 100 ppm gave maximum plant spread, number of non-wrapper leaves, head weight, head yield and head diameter. Anees, Tahir, Shahzad and Mahmood (2011) conducted an experiment to check the effect of foliar application of micronutrients (Fe, B and Zn) on the quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Dusehri plants. They found that compared to control all the micronutrients gave better results in term of fruit quality. Whereas trees sprayed with 0.4% FeSO4 + 0.8% H3BO3 + 0.8% ZnSO4 produced the maximum pulp weight (169.2 g), ascorbic acid (150.3 mg/100 ml), total soluble solids (27.9 Brix °), non-reducing sugars (8.83%), and less stone weight (28.13 g) along with low acidity (0.178%) compared to rest of treatments and control. Ghazvineh and Yousefi (2012) studied the effect of micronutrient application on yield and yield components of maize. The results showed that the foliar application of Zn, Fe and Mn with K fertilizer increased the quality and quantity of maize and lessened the high consumption of fertilizers. They also found that the best time of foliar application in maize is at stem elongation stage and cob elongation stage to get the higher yield and efficient use of micronutrients. PLAN OF WORK AND METHODOLOGY To check the effect of foliar application of Zn on growth and productivity of chilli crop through different vegetative and reproductive parameters, a research work will be conducted at University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha. Variables in the Study 1. Dose of micronutrient T1 = Control; T2 = 0.2% Zn T3 = s0.4% Zn, T4 = 0.6% Zn, T5 = 0.8% Zn, T6 = 0.2% Zn (twice applied) T7 = 0.4% Zn (twice applied) T8 = 0.6% Zn (twice applied) T9 = 0.8% Zn (twice applied), T10 = 0.2% Zn (thrice applied) T11 = 0.4% Zn (thrice applied) T12 = 0.6% Zn (thrice applied) T13 = 0.8% Zn (thrice applied) (All other factors or variables will be kept constant.) Research Design and Layout The research work will be conducted according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 13 treatments and three replications. Hybrid seeds of chilli variety HP-84 will be sown in the month of Feburary. Firstly seeds will be sown in the pots and to prevent from frost injury and to get early germination pots will be covered with polythene. After two months when chilli plants will attain proper size they will be transplanted to the prepared raised beds with the following dimensions (PÃÆ'-P = 22.5 cm, RÃÆ'-R = 60 cm) and treatments will be applied according to research plan. Foliar application of Zn on chilli plants will be applied with the following doses (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8%). The application of Zn doses will be twice and thrice after every 21 days and vegetative and reproductive parameters will be studied. Place of Work and Facilities Available The field work will be conducted at Horticultural Research Area while lab work will be performed at Horticulture Lab., Department of Horticulture, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha. All the resources and services required for conducting the research are available at above mentioned place. Data Collection and Analysis Data about vegetative parameters like plant height, number of leaves, number of nodes, number of branches, fresh leaves weight, dry leaves weight, and data about reproductive parameters like number of flowers, number of fruits per plant, total fruit weight per plant, fruit length, fruit girth, fresh fruit weight, dry fruit weight per plant all will be taken. Plant height from zero nodes to tip will be measured in cm with the help of measuring tape. The data about number of nodes, number of leaves, number of branches, number of flowers per plant, number of fruits per plant will be taken by counting. Fruit length will be measured by measuring tape while fruit weight will be taken with the help of vernier caliper. Data about fresh leaves weight, dry leaves weight, fresh fruit weight, dry fruit weight per plant will be taken by weighing balance. For the analysis of collected data computer software will be used. The attained results will be explained through different statistical methods e.g. the means of data collected will be separated by Analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique. Significant difference between treatment means will be compared by the Least significant difference (LSD) test at P= 0.05% (Steel, Torrie Dickey 1996).

Rap war :: essays papers

Rap war Shots ring out in South Central Los Angeles. A man screams in horror. This man has been shot in a heated gang war. This is everyday life for gang members. Gang members are used to cold blooded murder and most attend at least 5 funerals a week. Similar situations occur in Harlem, New York and in other places around the country. Why is this happening? Many people think that rap music is making kids more violent. They think that rap music is just a glorification of violence. All rap music is doing is to show how horrible and inhuman life is in the ghettos across the country. This is what's really happening out there. It's not fake. Right now, there is a major conflict between West Coast and East Coast rappers. East and West are fighting in a vicious battle that leaves hundreds of poor, helpless people dead in the street. There's no reason for this to be going on. Back in the early '90's, when rap was beginning to become popular, the East/West war wasn't quite there yet but it was slowly becoming more and more obvious that there was a conflict between rappers. Part of the reason that the war started was that West Coast rap dominated and nobody questioned their supremecy. Ice Cube, Ice T, and Eazy E were the rappers of the moment. The war slowly worsened when East Coast rappers began to get more publicity. West Coast rappers were upset that they weren't 100% in the spotlight so they started to make fun of East rappers in their music proclaiming that East Coast rap was fake and couldn't top West Coast. Then, East Coast rappers fired back obscenities at West Coast rappers and it kept up like that until someone decided that the other coast had gone too far. In 1993, Sean Combs started Bad Boy Entertainment in New York and for the first time ever, East Coast sales surpassed West Coast rap sales. Suddenly, as if out of nowhere came the peak of the West/East feud. Smaller gangs in cities took the example of the "big playaz" and followed what they said. Before, local gangs killed for affiliation whether you were a Blood or a Crip. Now, gangs were killing for West and East. In some cities it was so bad that you could be killed for living on the wrong side of the neighborhood.

International Management Research Paper Essay

Assessing the Environment As we look to take our business, International Jean Company, into the ever expanding global market, it’s important that we choose locations that are going to fit our needs. This location selection cannot just be random, nor can it be done hastily. Our time learning how to be International Managers have taught us that only through careful research into many topics like the Environment, the Geography and Climate, the Culture, and Communication, can we really have the information necessary to make an informed decision. Therefore, we began to look at Denmark, and extensively researched the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that lay before us here. Denmark is a small country with a population of just over 5 million inhabitants. It has achieved a remarkable degree of economic success over the last 50 years or so. With GDP per head of around $56,000 the country ranks fifth in the world and ahead of both Japan and Germany in terms of purchasing power. This remarkable economic success has been achieved by the Danes thanks, in no small measure, to their pragmatic business style.(1) According to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark, it has the most efficient distribution system, the best labor regulations, and the second highest GDP per person. According to Forbes.com, Denmark is the best country to do business in. The Danish economy’s mix of low inflation and low unemployment along with emphasis on entrepreneurship and lower taxes make Denmark an attractive company to business investors and entrepreneurs. These qualities combined with high marks for innovation and technological savvy lift Denmark to the top of the busin ess world. Denmark is a country that is filled with many small and medium sized, independently owned businesses. Compared to the rest of the European Union, Denmark has a significantly less amount of large corporations, with the exception of Spain. They are known for their top quality production standards. Danish companies tend to concentrate on highly specialized products with a high margin production and rely more on product innovation and design instead of improvements in production technology and price competitiveness. Many small and medium sized companies are able to have major control over their market because they base themselves in small towns and rely on relationships with the community. This makes it difficult for large corporations to take their market share. Although Denmark has a significant amount of independent businesses that support its economy, it is highly dependent on foreign trade and international cooperation. Denmark is made up of a highly developed infrastructure, an advanced telecommunications system and a well-educated and stable workforce. Throughout all relevant levels of the workforce, English is spoken and written at an exceptionally good level. This is a very beneficial factor to the role that Denmark plays in the global market. Geographically, Denmark is in the perfect position for international trade. It is in the center of the Scandinavian countries and has easy access to the Northern and Eastern European countries. International surveys show that Denmark has top ratings in transportation, in all modes, energy, communications, and distribution systems. It is also highly rated in product quality, organizational quality, customer relations, credibility, and social responsibility. Denmark’s legal system is very similar to those of other European countries. Foreign business men may find some difficulty in legalities due to the use of civil law system and statutory law. Unlike the common law system used in countries such as the US, the Danish courts are not limited to the strict lettering of the law, but instead the purpose of the statute. This interpretation is also applied to private agreements. Compared to other countries, lobbying of the government is not as common and not as organized as in other countries. Usually, trade bodies will bring up issues to the government instead of individual persons or companies. The most common forms of companies used in Denmark are Public Limited Companies and Private Limited Companies. Denmark is known for having a high tax rate although when taking to account other costs of doing business (wages, benefits, cost of living, etc.) it balances out. The Danish tax regime relies heavily on direct taxes, such as taxes from labor, but there is little to no dependence on indirect taxes, such as social security and contributions from employers. Managing Interdependence Denmark is a significant player in the global market when it comes to social responsibility and ethics. It has the lowest rate of corruption of any other countries in the European Union. It also has very strict government regulations and very beneficial reasons to be socially responsible. Since the 1970’s, Danish environmental law has developed as part of public, private and European Community law. The National Agency for Environmental Protection, the National Forest and Nature Agency and the Department of Planning all make up the Ministry of the Environment. The have local and regional councils which are elected by the public and are responsible for environmental and planning procedures that conform to local wishes. Denmark is one of the few countries that have several kinds of green fees and green taxes. This is to motivate companies to use cleaner technologies, resource management, and/or environmental audit and management schemes. In 2008, Danish parliament passed a bill that forces large corporations to report on their corporate social responsibility (CSR) on their annual report. The Danish companies that have engaged in CSR have reported that it has had a positive effect on the companies. They claim that while it is flexible, it does bring up some legal burdens on them. It is the belief of the Danish government that the legal requirement marks the starting point for increased reporting on CSR, and in the forthcoming years the government intends to encourage progress and improvement of Danish businesses’ CSR work and reporting. Upon this laws implementation, 1100 companies were required to report CSR on their next annual reports. According to the 2009 reports, 89% of the required companies complied and 3% did not comply (8% complied by default because of being a subsidiary of a company that complied). The most common form of CSR among Danish companies related to environmental and climate issues. According to International Management, by Helen Deresky, Denmark is tied for the number one spot for the country with the least amount of corruption. This is because the Danish culture has a much more direct approach to business practices. They prefer openness and honesty, which sometimes seems rude to foreigners. It is clear to see that Denmark is ahead of almost all other countries in being Socially Responsible and having sound business ethics. For a new company, good ethics and social responsibility can be a make-it or break-it issue for a company. In one aspect, these issues can cost the company money. When just beginning, you should try to get your costs to be as low as possible. On the other hand, being viewed as an ethical company and by being socially responsible you improve the image and branding of the company. That will give the public a better perception of the company and can increase the demand for your product. Fortunately, in Denmark, only large companies are legally required to report their activities relating to social responsibility. While it would be a smart choice to make, not having to spend money on social responsibility during the beginning phases of the company will allow ease for penetrating the market and will allow us to be more socially responsible in the future. Overall, Denmark’s cost of doing business is about the same, if not lower than other countries, and the benefits of doing business in that country are much more significant. As long as our company helps locals and abides by their cultures and their rules, then the company should be very successful. Understanding the Role of Culture Before we can truly consider starting our business in Denmark, we need to understand the culture of the area. The viability of the economy, the labor market, the work environment, are all crucial to our success overseas. Taking the time to build a cultural profile of Denmark can help International Jean understand how to transition our business, and our expatriates to a very new experience. We begin our cultural profile by looking at the Government and Economic systems of Denmark. The politics of Denmark could best be described as a â€Å"Social Democracy† Though they do have a constitutional monarchy, like England it is a mostly ceremonial position. Elections occur democratically, similar to the United States without the Electoral College, which leads to a more direct representation of democracy. There are very low levels of corruption, not just in Denmark but in the entirety of the surrounding Nordic countries. As far as picking a market to operate out of, Denmark is a very excellent selection. Denmark has a prosperous, well-developed mixed market economy, ranking 16th in the world in terms of GDP (PPP) per capita. They use the Nordic Model, which is a version of what is traditionally called a â€Å"welfare state† The Nordic Model differs from other welfare states with an emphasis on maximizing labor force participation, promoting wage and gender equality, and a large amount of wealth distribution. A so called â€Å"welfare state† goes hand in hand with wealth distribution, citizens can count on monetary support during periods of unemployment and on welfare. The redistribution of wealth goes towards many societal needs, which will be explained further. Furthering supporting our transition, Denmark features low barriers to free trade, as well as little product market regulation. In fact, according to OECD rankings, Denmark has one of the highest ratings as far as product market freedom is concerned. We will be able to easily enter into this market, and will have a lot of freedom in regards to product selection, as well as advertising and marketing. This plays into the next few sections of our cultural profile: Kinship and attitudes towards leisure and recreation. Denmark, similar to most of the Nordic region, is one of the most liberal nations in Europe. They have an open attitude towards sex, nudity, and freedom of expression. As you walk around cities in Denmark, you can find advertising that features risquà © situations, and even cursing. The people of Denmark tend to have a darker sense of humor than what we’re acclimated to here in the United States, and often find ways to poke fun even at traditionally somber topics like death. Though we should be careful of how we utilize humor, both in our advertisements and in our work environment. Though good natured, citizens here tend to intensely dislike any joking at the expense of Denmark and its culture, particularly from outsiders. They are very proud of their country, and their family units reflect this. Families in Denmark are traditionally tight, well-knit units, who enjoy a good quality of life. They tend to live a relaxed lifestyle with a focus on family and friends. Bicycles are one of the predominant ways to travel around, especially in bigger cities like Copenhagen. We come to a big difference between the United States and Denmark, in terms of the attitude towards work. Whereas most Americans â€Å"work to live†, in Denmark the opposite is true. The Danish are taught from an early age to choose a profession that they would enjoy working, as opposed to a job taken out of financial necessity. This is reflected on Denmark’s scores in G.L.O.B.E/ Hofstede cultural dimension rankings in â€Å"masculinity†, which are very low, as well as â€Å"Uncertainty Avoidance† also being low. This is partly due to the fact that most of the labor market is a part of Trade Unions, as of 2008 Denmark had 67.6% labor union density. There is a partnership between employers, trade unions and the government, whereby these social partners negotiate the terms to regulating the workplace among themselves, rather than the terms being imposed by law. As we transition, we will need to make contact with these unions, and work closely with them to come up with rules and regulations for International Jeans that work for the native population. Another workplace difference is in the amount of work per week and the vacation time allotted. The Danish work an average of 37 hours a week, generally calling it a day around 4pm local time. Expatriates should be made aware that the Danish are not impressed with managers that work 50-60 hours a week. As mentioned previously, they believe in a balance between work and life, and would view those who worked considerably more hours to be less efficient at their jobs. In the United States, there are no laws concerning paid vacations or time off. To contrast, in Denmark paid time off is actually mandated by law. The Danish usually receive a minimum of 5 weeks of vacation, plus national holidays. These are factors we need to consider when hiring local workers. Other characteristics of the Danish work environment include high job mobility, as employees and managers are encouraged to take risks and make decisions that a more conservative American manager might not make. In general, Danish company activities are less structured and less formal, which is reflected again by the low score in the â€Å"Uncertainty Avoidance† category. There is a low level of Assertiveness on the Hofstede scale, as the strength of unions and the desire of the Danish to care about their work come together to make a highly productive and group oriented workplace. We would do well to hire a lot of local talent immediately. We mentioned the large amount of wealth distribution earlier. Denmark ranks highly on the Collectivism scale. Being a social welfare economy, much of that money is poured into both the Educational system as well as Healthcare. The Danish education system provides access to primary school, secondary school and higher education. All university education in Denmark is free; there are no tuition fees to enroll in courses. Danish universities and other higher education institutions offer international students a range of opportunities for obtaining an internationally recognized qualification in Denmark, and many classes are taught in English. Our company should take advantage of this when looking to hire. In addition to free education, there is also Universal Healthcare for all Danish citizens, paid primarily by taxes. Denmark spends 9.8% of GDP on healthcare. The life expectancy in Denmark is 78.6 years, and there is one doctor for every 294 persons in Denmark. It should be noted, that these social services also leads to a high tax rate for Danish citizens, hovering near 48-49% Communicating Across Cultures As we work towards bringing International Jean Co. to Denmark, we need to be aware of the similarities and differences in the way our two countries communicate. The characteristics of that communication, and the interplay between American expatriates and Danish locals will determine how well our new company will function as an overseas entity. We will begin by looking at native language, as well as the amount of English saturation in Denmark. The native language of Denmark is Danish, with other regional languages such as Faroese, Greenlandic, and German officially recognized. In selecting expatriates, we should look to be choosing managers that are able to speak Danish, or willing to quickly learn. However, we shouldn’t feel like the ability to speak the language is mandatory for expatriates. One of the great aspects of setting up our business in Denmark is that there is a very high proportion of Danish citizens who speak English. In the educational system, it is taught as the primary foreign language. English will be spoken and written well by all relevant levels of the workforce. This is further demonstrated by the fact that many commercials and advertisements, as well as trademarks, are used directly in Denmark without translation. The people of Denmark are, generally speaking, friendly but blunt in their speech with one another. Concerning Hofstede dimensions, they rank very highly in the â€Å"Humane† category. They tend to shy away from confrontation, so our expatriates are going to need to tread softly when it comes to moment of direct communication regarding mistakes or problems. Direct debate is encouraged, but keeping confrontational phrasing out of it is important. The Danish tend to be very plain speaking when communicating, which can be mistaken for rudeness in other cultures. Our managers need to be aware of this, so they know that they aren’t necessarily being insulted when talking about work issues. Like the United States, Denmark is a â€Å"low-context† culture. They tend to be direct and explicit when communicating among one another, and tend not to rely on non-verbal communication. They prefer to have direct conversations, either by phone or face-to-face, though increasingly more electronic communication has taken over. Also like the United States, Denmark is also considered a â€Å"low-contact† culture. They prefer a minimum of an arm’s length of personal space, and do not enjoy overly aggressive physical contact. Body language is very restricted, which can make interpreting responses and feedback difficult. Time is another major factor that we as Americans have in common with Denmark. The Danish follow a monochronic time system, which is more linear in structure as compared to polychronic time. Those practicing monochromic time, such as the Danish, tend to complete tasks one at a time as well as adhere to a stricter schedule. We also share similar views on proxemics, or proximity. The Danish see larger offices and more space as reflective of having more power and esteem. The United States and Denmark have a surprising amount of similarities in how we communicate, both in regards to interpersonal communication as well as in a work environment. This should greatly aid International Jean Co. in a smooth transition from the United States to Denmark. Cross-Cultural Negotiation and Decision Making The Negotiation Process: Danish people of business are usually very experienced in interacting and doing business with visitors from other cultures. They pride themselves on their Danish culture and tend to sometimes not be very open to information or assistance from the outside. Similar to many other countries, people of Denmark shake hands upon meeting. This is also the case when departing. It is good to familiarize yourself with the Danish culture before going in full steam. The Danish official language resembles Swedish and Norwegian, and shares a few commonalities with German, but DO NOT remark or even assume that they are similar. Most businessmen and women in Denmark speak English well, but it is recommended to stay away from using jargon and slang. Danes like to leave space between themselves when interacting, so be aware of other’s personal space and try not to be too touchy-feely. They usually speak in quiet, gentle tones and interrupting is considered rude. Danes usually do not openly show their emotions. Come well prepared! The Danes are meticulous when it comes to analyzing information and proposals. Know your information and bring in copies for your Danish counterpart to examine. Everything should be well organized and do not steer off topic; straight and to the point. Business relationships are often only fairly important in the country, and are typically not a needed requirement for initial business interactions. Just like your goal is to get to know one’s contacts in a host country and build mutual trust before embarking on business discussion and transaction, your counterpart is also trying to learn about you. Danes are cautious and appear to be reserved and proceed slow. Once the trust is well known, there will be a sense of allegiance to you as a respected business partner. Denmark is a democratic and understanding country. It can be cohesive to criticize other people or systems. Bosses are expected to be team leaders rather than private decision-makers. In the country’s business culture, the respect a person takes pleasure in depends mainly on his or her achievements. Well-liked personal traits include individual initiative, knowledge, and expertise. To the Danes, negotiation is a joint problem solving process and the buyer and seller in a deal are equal partners. The primary negotiation style is cooperative and they believe in the concept win-win. It is strongly advisable to avoid any open disagreement and to remain calm, friendly, patient, and determined. The Danish believe in information sharing as a way to build trust with their counterparts but this doesn’t mean that they are going to say everything. A good part of the communication may be in writing, which Danes often prefer. They move through things rather quick and are less observant over detail. They strive to conclude negotiations quickly but this does not mean they will readily accept unfavorable terms. Danes do not like bargaining or haggling such that they do not appreciate aggressive sales techniques. They do prefer negotiating in a straightforward and honest style and may use pressure techniques. When persuading your counterpart avoid aggressive tactics and negotiating with the Danish. If confronted, they will not shy away, but this is almost guaranteed to deteriorate your bargaining position rather than strengthen it. It can also eliminate your relationship. Although a verbal agreement can be considered binding and will most likely be kept, do not consider them final. Only a contract that is signed by the two parties makes up a binding agreement. Written contracts are a serious matter in Denmark. It is best to keep them concise without including too many legalistic details. Signing the contract not only shows your commitment but a strong confirmation of your Danish partners’ commitment also. Works Cited Brunson, Winnon â€Å"Cultural Perspective: A Year in Denmark† 2008 â€Å"Danish Communication Styles† 2012 â€Å"ET Ã…R I KØBENHAVN: FOLKESUNDHED OG KULTUR† 2011 â€Å"The Monarchy today† – The Danish Monarchy 16, June 2012 â€Å"ETLA: The Nordic Model† â€Å"The Nordic Model† Nordic Labour Journal: In Focus. 2001 â€Å"Business Negotiations in Denmark† â€Å"Business Etiquette in Denmark† â€Å"Negotiating International Business – The Negotiator’s Reference Guide to 50 Countries Around the World† Katz, Lothar. 2007 â€Å"Doing Business in Denmark† Kroman, Reumart. 11 February, 2005.

Plastic Pollution and Measures to Control - 2233 Words

Pollution caused by plastic â€Å"POLLUTION CAUSED BY PLASTIC† Pollution caused by plastic CONTENTS 1. Aim 2. Introduction 3. What is plastic? 4. Environmental hazards caused by plastic 5. Measures to control pollution 6. Industries that produce plastic in India 7. Importance Of Plastic Industry Toward Economic Growth 8. Ban On Plastics In India 9. Cost Benefit Analysis 10.Conclusion 11.References Page 3 Pollution caused by plastic AIM To make a comparative study of plastics and its effect on the environment. To analyze and understand the importance of introducing effective measures to control pollution. INTRODUCTION Plastics have become a necessary commodity in today’s world. Everyone knowingly or unknowingly uses plastic substances.†¦show more content†¦AIR POLLUTION According to the World Health Organisation about two million people die every year due to air pollution, many suffer from heart diseases, lung deceases and some even cancer. There are various sources of air pollution like carbon dioxide, combustion of fuels in vehicles, fuels from jets, toxic elements from factories etc. Plastics also contribute to air pollution. Plastics that are found on the road or even dumping sites are burnt therefore releasing toxic fumes into the atmosphere, polluting the air. When individuals are exposed to the polluted atmosphere they contact various diseases that could ultimately lead to their death. MEASURES TO CONTROL POLLUTION Hanh (1992) Plastic is a bane to our existence on this earth. It pollutes the atmosphere with its harmful fumes, poses a serious threat to our marine life and apart from this it also creates litter, making the place look dirty. With the above evidence we can boldly say that Hanh’s literature is true. There are various measures that can be undertaken to reduce plastic pollution but we would be focusing only on three criteria namely: 1. Recycling of Plastic 2. Government policies 3. Personal measures. 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